Mysore Masala Dosa: South India’s Signature Dish
Guest post by Big Apple Curry inspiration Geetha who lives in Toronto, is my mom, and makes what we consider the best homemade dosa
Dosa is a signature dish of South India, where it’s a common breakfast item. Dosa is a delicate rice and lentil crepe made with a naturally fermented batter that is most commonly served as ‘Mysore Masala Dosa’ filled with coconut chutney and potatoes that are cooked with onion, turmeric, and spices. While under debate, dosa is thought to have originated in either Karnataka or Tamil Nadu. Today, it’s a main dish in all four South Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu, as well as in Sri Lanka, Singapore, Malaysia, and Myanmar. This recipe is the one my mother made at home in Karnataka when I was growing up, and which I continue to make today.
What does dosa taste like exactly? As described, it’s a thin, crisp crepe or pancake. It has a slight tangy taste due to the fermentation, and is savory rather than sweet. Without the filling, on its own it’s called ‘plain dosa’ that can be eaten with a variety of vegetable curries. The accompaniments vary from state to state. In North America, dosa is most often served with ‘sambar’ in restaurants, which is a soup-like dish made with lentils (toor daal), vegetables, onions, tomatoes, and South Indian spices like black mustard seeds and kari patha (curry leaves). Dosa fillings have evolved from the traditional coconut chutney and potato filling to include paneer, vegetables, chicken, spinach, mushrooms, you name it. The fillings enhance the “dosa experience” and depend on personal preference. It can be made crispy, soft, thin, or super thin (also known as ‘paper dosa’), and basted with oil or butter — less of it or lots of it! It is said that ordering a dosa in a restaurant is similar to ordering coffee at Starbucks because the combinations are endless. Dosa can be made the size of a dinner plate or it can be up to 5 feet long — which in some restaurants, can be the length of an entire table!
While the main ingredients in a classic dosa batter are fermented lentils and rice, variations include different grains instead of rice like the flour of buckwheat (raagi dosa), whole wheat flour, thin cream of wheat (also called rava dosa). There are dosas made with onions, cilantro, grated carrots, and chopped tomato mixed directly into the batter (this dish is called ‘uttappa’ that is thick and soft, and sometimes referred to as Indian pizza). Dosa is also made with variety of dals and very little rice, which does not require fermentation and called ‘adai,’ most common in Tamil Nadu. Every family has their own dosa recipe, much like how every Italian family has their own marinara sauce recipe. I hope you enjoy my homemade recipe passed down from my mother — just post a comment below if you have any questions!
Mysore Masala Dosa
Serves 6
Ingredients
For the rice portion of batter
- 2 cups rice (I generally use long grain rice (not basmati rice) — either a Thai rice called Maligrosa or a South Indian rice called Sona Masuri)
- 1 teaspoon fenugreek seeds
For the dal portion of batter
- ½ cup urad dal
- 1 tablespoon toor dal
- 1 tablespoon channa dal
For putting the batter together
- 1/2 teaspoon salt
Preparation
- Wash rice and dals separately, only once each. In one medium bowl, combine rice and fenugreek seeds and add enough water to cover. In a second medium bowl combine dals and add enough water to cover. Soak both bowls for 6 hours or overnight.
- First grind the rice-fenugreek seed mixture and soaking water in a blender — it’s important to use the water it’s been soaked in, which helps the fermentation process. Do the same for the dals. The urad dal should be ground very fine, along with the water that it’s soaked in. It will look little light and fluffy when ground.
- Now put it all together — in a large glass bowl, combine all the ground mixtures (rice-fenugreek-soaking water mixture AND daal-water mixture). Mix well, add ½ teaspoon salt and pour into a container and keep in the over or in a warm place overnight. Do not add extra water, as the batter is quite thick at this point. Cover the container with a lid tightly, with a slight opening. Then, cover the container with a large towel to keep it warm. In hot summer days, a towel is not necessary. The fermentation takes place when the urad dal and rice are combined — this is a natural fermentation process (no yeast, baking powder, or baking soda are used).
- The batter will be ready the next morning. It should not be too thick (it should be thinner than pancake batter). If you need to, add a little amount of water to get the right consistency.
Ingredients for Potato Palya
- 4 large potatoes
- 3 onions sliced
- 1-2 tablespoons canola oil
- 1/2 teaspoon black mustard seeds
- 5-7 kari patha leaves
- 1/8 teaspoon asafoteda (also known as ‘hing’)
- 1/2 teaspoon urad dal
- 1/2 teaspoon channa dal
- 1/8 cup finely chopped fresh green chillies
- 1/2 teaspoon turmeric
- 1 teaspoon salt
- 1 teaspoon fresh lemon juice
- 1/4 cup fresh cilantro, finely chopped
Preparation
- Peel and boil potatoes till they are cooked. Drain and mash them slightly.
- Heat oil on medium heat and add mustard seeds. When they begin popping, add urad dal and channa dal, karipatha, hing, green chillies and sauté for 1 minute. Keep the heat low at this point as it can brown quickly. Add sliced onions, mix well, turmeric, and salt. Saute until the onions are soft, then add the cooked potatoes. Mix well on low heat, to combine the flavours. When completely mixed and heated through, taste for the seasonings. Adjust if necessary. Add fresh lemon juice and chopped cilantro and mix well. Turn off the heat.
Ingredients for Coconut Chutney
- 2 cups chopped fresh OR frozen coconut (if neither fresh nor frozen are available, you can use dry unsweetened coconut).
- ½ cup fried channa dal (also known as ‘hurigadale’)
- 1/2 cup water
- 2 fresh green chillies
- ½ teaspoon salt
- 1 teaspoon lemon juice OR tamarind juice
- ½ teaspoon brown sugar
- ½ cup chopped fresh cilantro
For tempering
- 2 teaspoons canola oil
- 1/4 teaspoon black mustard seeds
- 4-5 kari patha leaves
Preparation
- In a blender, grind the coconut and fried channa with water till coarsely ground, not completely ground.
- Add the remaining ingredients except cilantro and grind to a finer consistency.
- Finally add cilantro and blend lightly so that everything is mixed well and green specks of cilantro are visible.
- Taste and adjust seasonings. Pour into a serving bowl.
- For tempering: heat teaspoons canola oil in a small saucepan, add ¼ tsp mustard seeds, whey they pop, add karipatha and turn the heat off. Add this oil mixture to the chutney and mix well.
Making the Mysore Masala Dosa…it’s all in the wrist!
- Medium-sized cast iron OR non-stick pan with matching lid
- Canola oil OR ghee (clarified butter)
- Paper towels
- Clean kitchen cloth
- Spatula
Preparation
- Heat a cast iron pan (or non-stick pan if you don’t have cast iron)
- Spread small amount of oil on the pan with a cloth to coat well.
- When the pan is hot, pour 1/2 cup of the batter into the middle with a ladle. With the back of the spoon, spread the batter quickly in clockwise direction (see photo below). Pour 1/2 tsp of oil or ghee (clarified butter) on it, cover and let it cook. It will take about 2 minutes. When the edges look brown and crispy, turn the dosa with a spatula and cook on the other side for 30 seconds. Turn the dosa over again with a spatula. Now spread it with a layer of coconut chutney and place a tablespoon of the masala potatoes in the middle. Fold the dosa in half and gently brown it on both sides until it’s golden brown. Finish with a touch more oil or ghee.
- Repeat the process for the other dosas.
Tip : As the pan gets heated, it goes quite fast. You may have to adjust the heat as you go along.
I had the good fortune of having dosa prepared by Geetha last weekend and she sent us home with a container of the filling. Alas – with a kiddo and long days I didn’t have time mid-weed to prep the batter, but I lubed a pan with ghee, added a whole wheat quesadilla shell and filled with palya and coconut chutney. I folded it and cooked it until it was browned on both sides. It sure wasn’t as good as the original, but it was very, very tasty nonetheless. If you get the temperature right, it’ll brown/crisp up nicely!
Thanks so much for the tastiness and for the hospitality!
Hi Joe,
Thank you for the nice comment! It was my pleasure to host you for a dosa party. I’m glad to hear you found a tasty use for the dosa filling, that is a great idea. In the past, I’ve made sandwiches with the filling, but a quesadilla sounds way better, especially crisped with ghee! Next time I will give you the batter too to try out.
Happy cooking!
Geetha
Looks amazing! Can’t wait to try, thanks for posting!
Looks yummy….wish I was there to eat it. How about “red chutney” that is also used to line the dosa inside, does the name change to something else?
Thanks Ram, come on over for some dosa! Using “red chutney” is excellent also, it’s usually made with coconut and dry red chillis. That would be a variation on the filling, but actually doesn’t change the name, we would still call it Mysore Masala Dosa. Red chutney would definitely add to the flavour and colour!
I am gluten free and use dosa in place of bread a LOT… I put 1 cup of each – brown rice, fragrant white rice and red lentils (easy for me to source) into the blender and cover with water to soak – then whirl them up and let them ferment, adding salt to stop the fermentation. I keep the batter in the blender pitcher, in the fridge and make “bread” as I need to. I can just give it a quick whirl to remix while my pan is heating.
LOVE LOVE LOVE Dosa!
Thank you for the lovely comment and for sharing your recipe! You’re right, dosa is a great option if you can’t eat gluten — dosa is so adaptable for individual dietary needs. It is neat how you use the blender as a one pot-fix, I had never thought of it! In addition to enjoying dosa more often, it means less dishes to clean!